China is planning to transform an island the size of a small country into a sprawling hub for foreign investment, gambling, tourism, and luxury.
Xi Jinping’s government announced its plans for Hainan last month. It said it would encourage the horse racing, gambling, and water sports industries to the island known as the “Hawaii of the East.”
This is a big deal: The Chinese Communist Party bans its members from playing golf, prohibits gambling, and only allows occasional horse-racing.
Scroll down to learn more about the island destined to become China’s biggest playground.
The island of Hainan is located in southern China. Its Chinese name — 海南 — means "south of the sea." Its population is around 9 million, and its landmass is around the size of Belgium.
Many ad campaigns and news outlets have described the island as the "Hawaii of China" or the "Hawaii of the East."
It certainly looks very different to other pollution-ridden Chinese cities like Beijing.
Locals living on the mainland dream of going there.
Thomas Liu, a native of the central Chinese city of Chengdu, told CNN: "I think many people, when we are young, we know that Hainan is a very beautiful place, so I think for many people they have a little dream to go to Hainan."
China used to limit international tourism into the island — now it's relaxing the rules. Earlier this week the government said it would let citizens of 59 countries go there visa-free for a month, extending earlier liberalisation.
The full list now includes the US, all EU countries, Canada, Australia, and South Korea.
It's part of a plan to expose Hainan to foreign investment and tourism, which is limited in other parts of China.
A government document published last week said the plan to develop Hainan is a personal priority for president Xi Jinping.
Source: Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
China has actually been trying to develop Hainan's tourism industry for years, but has struggled. The island attracted around 70 million tourists last year, but only 1.1 million were from other countries.
In comparison, Bali, which is one-sixth the size of Hainan, received more than 5 million foreign tourists in the same period, the South China Morning Post reported.
Source: China Daily, South China Morning Post
The island is currently home to multiple luxury hotels, golf courses, and beaches. The Mandarin Oriental, Ritz Carlton, and Shangri-La all have chains on the island.
Here's the view from the Mandarin Oriental's grounds in Sanya.
The island also home to multiple golf courses — one of which was used for the Ladies' PGA tournament last November. Golf is usually regarded unfavourably in China because Mao Zedong, the founding father of the People's Republic of China, dismissed it as a "sport for millionaires."
See more: China is shutting down this billionaire's golf courses amid fears the sport breeds corruption
Earlier this month the government also said it would encourage people to pursue water sports, horse racing, and gambling in the region. This is a big deal: China bans all forms of gambling on its mainland, and only allows some horse racing.
The government said in a document published last week it would "encourage the development of beach sports, water sports, horse racing, and other projects, and support the creation of a national sports tourism demonstration area. Explore the development of quiz-type sports lottery tickets and large-scale international events that open lottery tickets."
It did not elaborate on how it would do so.
Source: Wall Street Journal
China's official encouragement of gambling in Hainan may even turn the island into the country's version of Las Vegas, said Mark Dreyer, a Beijing-based journalist.
https://twitter.com/DreyerChina/status/985881528453349376?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
"China's Vegas" is a title currently held by Macau, an autonomous region some 250 miles from Hainan. Macau's Cotai Strip, modelled after the Las Vegas Strip, is home to casino-hotels like The Venetian, Wynn, and Sands.
China has built artificial islands around Hainan as well. One is Phoenix Island, which was designed just for tourism and luxury — a promotional pamphlet even called it "Oriental Dubai."
Trip Advisor reviews of the island range from gushing compliments for its "amazing architecture and inspiration" to remarks that it was "tacky."
Source: VisitHainan.com.au, Trip Advisor
Another one that's currently being built is Nanhai Pearl Artificial Island, a 266-hectare (1 square mile) large atoll which will take the shape of a yin-yang symbol.
Authorities have already built floodlights down the middle and perimeter of the island — here's what it looks like in the dark.
The floodlight project at Nanhai Pearl Artificial Island is completed along the coast in Haikou, Hainan Province. (by Hua Haoyu/CNSPHOTO） pic.twitter.com/bRFiInmlEA
— CNS Photo (@photo_cns) March 17, 2017
Authorities also hope to develop cruise tourism around Hainan, which can in turn boost tourism in countries along China's "Belt and Road" trade route.
Source: CCTV News
China has a lot of plans for Hainan beyond tourism. It also wants to transform the island into a hub for artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and electric cars.
Source: Bloomberg
This could challenge the economies of nearby port cities like Hong Kong and Singapore.
No concrete plans have been put in place since the government's ambitious plan came out. But investors already seem excited about the island's future potential — stocks whose names simply contained the word "Hainan" recently surged on an otherwise down day in the Chinese market.
Source: Bloomberg, The Wall Street Journal